Bilkul practical, simple aur hindi mein — loan lene se pehle, apply karte waqt, aur repayment ke dauran kya dhyaan rakhein.
Loan lene se pehle sirf "paise mil rahe hain" par khush mat hoiye — sahi loan, sahi rate aur sahi repayment plan chunna bahut zaroori hai. Is guide mein hum step-by-step batayenge ki kaun sa loan kab lena chahiye, kaise compare karein, kya documents chahiye, online apply kaise karein, EMI kaise samjhein, aur approval ke chances kaise badhayein.
Property purchase/construct/renovation ke liye. Secured loan — lowest interest & long tenure. Tax benefits milte hain.
Kisi bhi personal zarurat ke liye — unsecured, fast disbursal, higher rates. Short-term needs ke liye useful.
Student loans (India/abroad). Moratorium and tax benefits available in many cases.
Vehicle purchase ke liye — usually vehicle as collateral. Moderate rates & fixed tenures.
MSME/startup working capital, machinery, expansion. Secured aur unsecured options dono milte hain.
Micro loans & cash credit via apps — bahut tez, lekin APR high hoti hai. Emergency ke liye chalti hain.
Sabase pehle decide karo: loan kyun chahiye? (ghar kharidna / renovation / emergency / education / business). Required amount realistic rakho — thoda buffer add karo for fees/taxes.
Tip: Agar amount bahut bada hai (₹10 lakh+), secured options (home/business) consider karo; chhote short-term needs ke liye personal loan ya instant app sahi hoti hai.
EMI samajhna bahut zaroori hai. EMI calculate karne ke liye simple online EMI calculator use karo: amount, rate (annual), tenure (months). EMI decide karega ki kya monthly budget mein fit hota hai ya nahi.
Rule of thumb: Total EMIs (existing + new) aapki net income ka 40-50% se jyaada nahi hone chahiye — lenders FOIR (Fixed Obligation to Income Ratio) check karte hain.
Interest rate (fixed/floating), processing fee, prepayment charges, foreclosure rule, tenure — in sab ko compare karo. Banks vs NBFCs vs fintech: har ek ki speed aur cost alag hoti hai.
Compare karne ke liye do-3 lenders shortlist karo aur unka APR (Annual Percentage Rate) dekho — isme fees bhi included hoti hain.
Apni CIBIL ya other credit bureau score check karo (agar possible ho). Score 750+ hone se achhe rates milte hain. Eligibility factors: age, income, job vintage, business vintage, turnover (business), existing EMIs.
Common documents: PAN, Aadhar, address proof, photo, bank statements (3–12 months), salary slips (3 months) / Form 16 / ITR (self-employed), business registration / GST, property papers (for secured loans), admission letter (education loans).
Agar aap kisi bank ka existing customer ho (salary account, FD, credit card), to pre-approved offers check karo — often faster & cheaper. Negotiation se processing fee kam ho sakti hai; kuch banks custom pricing dete hain.
Online: lender ki official website/app par jaake form bharo, documents upload karo, e-KYC (Aadhaar OTP) aur e-sign ka use karo. Offline: branch visit kar ke application submit karo aur originals verify karvao.
Online apply generally faster; secured loans may still require branch/legal verification.
Lender bank statements, income, employment/business verification karega. Property loans mein valuation aur legal check hota hai. Agar sab sahi mila to sanction letter jari hota hai — ismein rate, tenure, charges aur conditions likhe hote hain.
Sanction ke baad loan agreement sign karo (e-sign ya branch). Disbursal mode alag hota hai: education fees/bookings direct to university, personal loan account mein credit. Auto-debit/standing instruction set kar lo for EMI.
Ye ek indicative example hai — exact calculation ke liye online EMI calculator use karein.
| Loan Amount | Rate (p.a.) | Tenure | Approx EMI |
|---|---|---|---|
| ₹5,00,000 | 12% p.a. | 3 years (36 months) | ≈ ₹16,63x* (approximately) |
(*) EMI approximate hai — bank fees aur exact monthly interest schedule se thoda alag ho sakta hai.